1183
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1183 by topic |
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| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1183 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1183 MCLXXXIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1936 |
| Armenian calendar | 632 ԹՎ ՈԼԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5933 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1104–1105 |
| Bengali calendar | 590 |
| Berber calendar | 2133 |
| English Regnal year | 29 Hen. 2 – 30 Hen. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1727 |
| Burmese calendar | 545 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6691–6692 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬寅年 (Water Tiger) 3880 or 3673 — to — 癸卯年 (Water Rabbit) 3881 or 3674 |
| Coptic calendar | 899–900 |
| Discordian calendar | 2349 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1175–1176 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4943–4944 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1239–1240 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1104–1105 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4283–4284 |
| Holocene calendar | 11183 |
| Igbo calendar | 183–184 |
| Iranian calendar | 561–562 |
| Islamic calendar | 578–579 |
| Japanese calendar | Juei 2 (寿永２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1090–1091 |
| Julian calendar | 1183 MCLXXXIII |
| Korean calendar | 3516 |
| Minguo calendar | 729 before ROC 民前729年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −285 |
| Seleucid era | 1494/1495 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1725–1726 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳水虎年 (male Water-Tiger) 1309 or 928 or 156 — to — 阴水兔年 (female Water-Rabbit) 1310 or 929 or 157 |
Year 1183 (MCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit]By area
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- Andronicus I Comnenus becomes Byzantine Emperor.[1][2]
- October – Alexios II Komnenos is murdered, after a 3-year reign at Constantinople. Andronikos I, 64, is proclaimed emperor of the Byzantine Empire before the crowd on the terrace of the Church of Christ of the Chalke. He marries Alexios' widow, the 11-year-old Agnes of France, and makes a treaty with Venice in November in which he promised a yearly indemnity as compensation for Venetian losses during the Massacre of the Latins.[3]
Europe
[edit]- June 25 – The Peace of Constance is signed, between Frederick Barbarossa and the Lombard League, forming the legal basis for the autonomy of the Italian city republics.[4][5][6]
- Joseph of Exeter writes the first account of a sport resembling cricket.[7]
Asia
[edit]Japan
[edit]- Three-year-old Emperor Go-Toba ascends to the throne of Japan, after the forced abdication of his brother Emperor Antoku, during the Genpei War.[8][9][10]
- August 14 – Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures, and flee to western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan (traditional Japanese date: Twenty-fifth Day of the Seventh Month of the Second Year of Juei).[11][12]
- November 17 – Battle of Mizushima: The Taira Clan defeats the Minamoto Clan.[13][14]
Near East
[edit]- February – Raynald of Châtillon has at least five ships freighted over the Isthmus of Suez, which he then uses to pillage the shores of the Red Sea around Jeddah.
- William of Tyre is excommunicated by the newly appointed Heraclius of Jerusalem, firmly ending their struggle for power.[15][16]
- The Siege of Kerak is waged between the Ayyubids and the Crusaders, in which regent Guy of Lusignan refuses to fight.[17][18]
- Saladin conquers Syria and becomes sultan.[19][20]
Births
[edit]- Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (d. 1241 or 1242)[21][22]
- Philippa of Armenia, empress consort of Nicaea
Deaths
[edit]- June 11 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (b. 1155)[23][24][25]
- October – Alexios II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1167)[26][27][28]
- November 23 – William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (b. 1116)[29]
- Queen Gongye, Korean queen consort (b. 1109)[30][31]
References
[edit]- ^ Eastmond, Antony (2016) [2004]. Art and Identity in Thirteenth-Century Byzantium: Hagia Sophia and the Empire of Trebizond. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Monographs. Vol. 10. London and New York: Routledge. p. 157. ISBN 9781351957229.
- ^ Gregory, Timothy E. (2010) [2005]. A History of Byzantium (Second ed.). Malden, MA, Oxford and Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons. p. 309. ISBN 9781444359978.
- ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 349. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^ Raccagni, Gianluca (June 1, 2016). "When the Emperor Submitted to his Rebellious Subjects: A Neglected and Innovative Legal Account of the Peace of Constance, 1183" (PDF). The English Historical Review. 131 (550): 519–539. doi:10.1093/ehr/cew173. ISSN 0013-8266. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
- ^ Sismondi, Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde (1832). A History of the Italian Republics: Being a View of the Rise, Progress, and Fall of Italian Freedom. Philadelphia, PA: Carey & Lea. pp. 60–61.
- ^ Gillespie, Alexander (2016). The Causes of War. Vol. II: 1000 CE to 1400 CE. Oxford and Portland, OR: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 65. ISBN 9781782259541.
- ^ Das, Deb K. (November 22, 2000). "1300 YEARS of Cricket: 700 to 2000 AD". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
Joseph of Exeter, in 1183, gives the first complete description of this co-ed community activity. A ball is thrown at (and hit by) a batter wielding a staff which looks like today's baseball bat...the batter protects a piece of wood, perhaps a log or tree-stump, resting on a gate-like stand(could this be the origin of the term "stumps" in modern cricket?)...fielders are positioned all around, squires in front of the "wicket" and serfs behind...... This sport has clearly been going on for some time, and Joseph of Exeter calls it a "merrye" weekend recreation.
- ^ Göttler, Christine; Mochizuki, Mia (2017). The Nomadic Object: The Challenge of World for Early Modern Religious Art. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 443. ISBN 9789004354500.
- ^ Brown, Delmer Myers; Ishida, Ichirō, eds. (1998) [1979]. The Clear Mirror: A Chronicle of the Japanese Court During the Kamakura Period (1185-1333). Berkeley, CA, Los Angeles & London: Stanford University Press. pp. 31–32. ISBN 9780804763882.
- ^ Brower, Robert H. (1972). ""Ex-Emperor Go-Toba's Secret Teachings": Go-Toba no in Gokuden". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 32: 5–70. doi:10.2307/2718867. ISSN 0073-0548. JSTOR 2718867.
- ^ Henshall, Kenneth (2014). Historical Dictionary of Japan to 1945. Lanham, MA, Toronto, Plymouth, UK: Scarecrow Press. p. 96. ISBN 9780810878723.
- ^ Akiyama, Akira (December 11, 2018). "Relic or Icon? The Place and Function of Imperial Regalia*". The Nomadic Object: 430–447. doi:10.1163/9789004354500_016. ISBN 9789004354500.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen (2012) [2003]. Fighting Ships of the Far East. Vol. 2: Japan and Korea AD 612–1639. Oxford and New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 44. ISBN 9781782000433.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen (2008). The Samurai Swordsman: Master of War. Barnsley, UK: Frontline Books. p. 28. ISBN 9781473817937.
- ^ Edbury, Peter W.; Rowe, John Gordon (1991) [1988]. William of Tyre: Historian of the Latin East. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press Archive. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780521407281.
- ^ Mallett, A.; Thomas, D. (2011). "William Of Tyre". Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 3 (1050-1200). pp. 769–777.
- ^ Stevenson, W. B. (2012). The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 233–234. ISBN 9781107669093.
- ^ Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 363. ISBN 9780674023871.
- ^ Baedeker (Firm), Karl (1876). Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers. London: K. Baedeker. p. 81.
- ^ Hamblin, William J. (2013). Shillington, Kevin (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set. Vol. I. New York, London: Routledge. p. 438. ISBN 9781135456702.
- ^ May, Timothy (2016). The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia. Empires of the World. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 134. ISBN 9781610693400.
- ^ Gamble, Ruth (2018). Reincarnation in Tibetan Buddhism: The Third Karmapa and the Invention of a Tradition. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN 9780190690786.
- ^ Huscroft, Richard (2016). Tales From the Long Twelfth Century: The Rise and Fall of the Angevin Empire. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press. p. 110. ISBN 9780300187281.
- ^ Strickland, Matthew (2016). Henry the Young King, 1155-1183. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press. pp. 308–309. ISBN 9780300219555.
- ^ Henderson, George (1961). "Giraldus Cambrensis". Archaeological Journal. 118 (1): 175–179. doi:10.1080/00665983.1961.10854192.
In June 1183 the young king died, and Henry no longer had four sons
- ^ Bauer, S. Wise (2013). The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 232. ISBN 9780393059762.
- ^ Eastmond, Antony (September 1, 1994). "An Intentional Error? Imperial Art and "Mis"-Interpretation under Andronikos I Komnenos". The Art Bulletin. 76 (3): 502–510. doi:10.1080/00043079.1994.10786600. ISSN 0004-3079.
In 1183 Andronikos Komnenos became emperor of the Byzantine Empire by strangling his young predecessor, Alexios II.
- ^ Bucossi, Alessandra; Suarez, Alex Rodriguez (2016). John II Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium: In the Shadow of Father and Son. London and New York: Routledge. p. 230. ISBN 9781317110712.
- ^ Weis, Frederick Lewis; Sheppard, Walter Lee; Beall, William Ryland; Beall, Kaleen E. (2004) [1950]. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: Lineages from Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Other Historical Individuals (Eighth ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 123. ISBN 9780806317526.
- ^ 공예태후 [Queen Gongye]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Academy of Korean Studies. 2017.
- ^ 공예태후 [Queen Gongye]. Doosan Encyclopedia. Doosan Group.